Haegerstam G, Huitfeldt B, Nilsson B S, Sjövall J, Syvälahti E, Wahlén A
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1982;4(4):261-78.
The use of placebo in controlled clinical trials is a very difficult matter from an ethical point of view. Scientifically it offers probably the best way of obtaining fast and valid conclusions, thus promoting medical progress for the benefit of future patients. On the other hand, some patients may stand the risk of obtaining a suboptimal therapy in a placebo-controlled trial. In general, this latter aspect must be given precedence. Therefore the use of placebo control should be minimized and other control methods encouraged. However, in certain well-defined instances the use of a placebo control can be justified, provided the ethical implications can be handled.
从伦理角度来看，在对照临床试验中使用安慰剂是一个非常棘手的问题。从科学角度而言，它或许是获得快速且有效结论的最佳方式，从而推动医学进步，造福未来的患者。另一方面，在安慰剂对照试验中，一些患者可能面临接受次优治疗的风险。总体而言，后一个方面必须优先考虑。因此，应尽量减少安慰剂对照的使用，并鼓励采用其他对照方法。然而，在某些明确界定的情况下，只要能够处理好伦理问题，使用安慰剂对照就是合理的。
