Kozhevnikov S Iu, Diatchenko O T
Vopr Onkol. 1978;24(6):64-71.
The authors describe the method of conducting mass prophylactic oncological examinations by means of questionnaires at the first stage, which was developed at the N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology of the USSR Ministry of Health. Questionnaires were aimed at the recognition of somatic pretumor and tumor lesions of the main localizations and the increase of oncological vigilance of general practitioners. The method has been tested on 11386 inhabitants of rural district of Leningrad and Novgorod Provinces. As a result of mass prophylactic oncological examinations 738 different pathologies were revealed (in 6.6% of all questionnaires), pretumor lesions making 2.05% malignant neoplasms--0.06%. The use of the questionnaire method in conducting prophylactic examinations made it possible: to enhance their medical efficacy, to reduce the number of individuals subject to medical control, to employ instrumental-laboratory tests on more proper grounds, and on the basis of a questionnaire to make a registry of the primary account of persons undergoing prophylactic examinations.
作者介绍了第一阶段通过问卷调查进行大规模预防性肿瘤检查的方法，该方法由苏联卫生部N.N.彼得罗夫肿瘤研究所研发。问卷旨在识别主要部位的躯体癌前病变和肿瘤病变，并提高全科医生的肿瘤警觉性。该方法已在列宁格勒和诺夫哥罗德省农村地区的11386名居民中进行了测试。大规模预防性肿瘤检查的结果显示，发现了738种不同的病理情况（占所有问卷的6.6%），其中癌前病变占2.05%，恶性肿瘤占0.06%。在进行预防性检查时使用问卷调查方法使得：提高了检查的医疗效果，减少了需要医疗管控的人数，更合理地采用仪器实验室检查，并根据问卷建立接受预防性检查人员的初步登记册。
