Weinberger M H, Luft F C, Bloch R, Henry D P, Pratt J H, Weyman A E, Rankin L I, Murray R H, Willis L R, Grim C E
J Am Coll Nutr. 1982;1(2):139-48. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1982.10718981.
Fourteen normotensive men (7 black, 7 white) were studied following equilibration during dietary sodium intake of 10, 300, 600, 800, 1200, and 1500 mEq sodium per day. Significant (p less than 0.05) increases in mean arterial blood pressure were seen after sodium intake of 800 mEq/d. Blood pressure increased at lower levels of sodium intake (800 mEq/d) and to a greater magnitude (21 mm Hg) in blacks than in whites (1200 mEq/d; 13 mm Hg). Sodium loading was associated with marked suppression of plasma renin activity, aldosterone and norepinephrine, and increases in cardiac index. At higher levels of sodium intake urinary potassium loss was seen. A subsequent experiment replacing urinary potassium losses as they occurred in six subjects demonstrated attenuation of the blood pressure increases seen in response to dietary sodium loading. These studies demonstrate a potential role for sodium and potassium in blood pressure regulation in normotensive man, and suggest that heterogeneity of response may be involved in the development of hypertension in individuals predisposed to avid sodium conservation.
对14名血压正常的男性（7名黑人，7名白人）进行了研究，研究期间他们每日饮食中的钠摄入量分别为10、300、600、800、1200和1500 mEq钠，待摄入量平衡后开展研究。钠摄入量达到800 mEq/天时，平均动脉血压出现显著（p<0.05）升高。与白人（1200 mEq/天；升高13 mmHg）相比，黑人在较低钠摄入量水平（800 mEq/天）时血压就开始升高，且升高幅度更大（21 mmHg）。钠负荷与血浆肾素活性、醛固酮和去甲肾上腺素受到显著抑制以及心脏指数增加有关。在较高钠摄入量水平时，出现尿钾流失。随后在6名受试者身上进行的一项实验，在尿钾流失时补充尿钾，结果显示饮食中钠负荷引起的血压升高有所减弱。这些研究证明了钠和钾在血压正常男性的血压调节中可能发挥的作用，并表明反应的异质性可能与易发生钠潴留的个体发生高血压有关。
