Kraus S J
Arch Androl. 1980 Mar;4(2):179-83. doi: 10.3109/01485018008986485.
The proximal male urethra is normally sterile, but microorganisms exist in the distal urethra. The members of the distal urethra flora change with sexual activity. Components of the urethral flora may include aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasmas. These microorganisms may function in the urethra's resistance to some pathogens. Certain patients with urethral meningococci and staphylococci resisted infection following exposure to women with gonococcal cervicitis. In vitro assays showed these bacteria capable of inhibiting Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The inhibition also occurred in vivo, using the animal subcutaneous chamber model of gonococcal infection.
男性尿道近端通常是无菌的，但远端尿道存在微生物。远端尿道菌群的成员会随着性活动而变化。尿道菌群的组成成分可能包括需氧菌、厌氧菌、真菌和支原体。这些微生物可能在尿道抵抗某些病原体方面发挥作用。某些患有尿道脑膜炎球菌和葡萄球菌的患者在接触患有淋菌性宫颈炎的女性后能够抵抗感染。体外试验表明这些细菌能够抑制淋病奈瑟菌。在淋病奈瑟菌感染的动物皮下腔室模型中，这种抑制作用在体内也会发生。
