Turner E S, Greenberger P A, Patterson R
Ann Intern Med. 1980 Dec;93(6):905-18. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-93-6-905.
Asthma is not an uncommon medical problem during pregnancy. Various physiologic alterations of pregnancy may theoretically affect asthma. Fetal oxygenation is affected more by maternal alkalosis than by hypoxemia, both of which can occur during uncontrolled asthma. Clinical studies suggest a variable effect of pregnancy on asthma and increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality associated with severe asthma. Most antiasthmatic drugs are safe to use during pregnancy. Medications used during delivery by the obstetrician may affect asthma, and some antiasthmatic medications may alter labor. We review here a rational approach to the management of steroid preparation for delivery in steroid-dependent asthmatic patients. Asthmatic mothers may breast-feed with minimal risk of adverse drug effects on the infant.
哮喘在孕期并非罕见的医学问题。孕期的各种生理改变理论上可能会影响哮喘。胎儿氧合受母体碱中毒的影响大于低氧血症，这两种情况在未控制的哮喘中都可能发生。临床研究表明，孕期对哮喘的影响存在差异，且重度哮喘会增加孕产妇和胎儿的发病率及死亡率。大多数抗哮喘药物在孕期使用是安全的。产科医生在分娩时使用的药物可能会影响哮喘，一些抗哮喘药物可能会改变分娩过程。我们在此回顾一种针对依赖类固醇的哮喘患者分娩时类固醇制剂管理的合理方法。哮喘母亲进行母乳喂养时，药物对婴儿产生不良影响的风险极小。
