Foley K M
NIDA Res Monogr. 1981 May;36:169-81.
Recent attention to the management of cancer pain in the mass media (TV, books, newspapers) and the medical press provides ample evidence to suggest that many cancer patients are not receiving appropriate therapy for their pain. Since cancer therapy is often not curative, only palliative, specific attention to the management of pain in such patients is essential. However, the management of cancer pain requires a specific approach and expertise. Narcotic analgesics are the mainstay of therapy in the management of such patients, yet physicians lack sufficient knowledge of narcotic pharmacology to use these drugs appropriately. Recent controversy has arisen in 3 specific aspects of narcotic drug therapy: 1) the choice of a narcotic drug and its method of administration; 2) the development of tolerance, and 3) the risk of substance abuse, drug dependence, and addiction.
大众媒体（电视、书籍、报纸）和医学刊物近期对癌症疼痛管理的关注提供了充分证据，表明许多癌症患者未得到针对其疼痛的适当治疗。由于癌症治疗往往无法治愈，只是姑息性的，因此对此类患者的疼痛管理给予特别关注至关重要。然而，癌症疼痛的管理需要特定的方法和专业知识。麻醉性镇痛药是此类患者疼痛管理治疗的主要手段，但医生对麻醉药理学缺乏足够了解，无法恰当地使用这些药物。近期在麻醉药物治疗的三个具体方面引发了争议：1）麻醉药物的选择及其给药方法；2）耐受性的产生；3）药物滥用、药物依赖和成瘾的风险。
