Duncan-Johnson C C, Donchin E
Biol Psychol. 1982 Feb-Mar;14(1-2):1-52. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(82)90016-3.
Studies of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) have shown that attributes of the ERP can be used as dependent variables in the study of human information processing. These variables can complement the information gained from the study of overt, skeletal responses. The manner in which the P300 component of the EPR can be used to study human information processing is illustrated in this report. Specifically, we show that through an analysis of the covariation of the latency of P300 component and reaction time, it is possible to examine the relation between the probability of a stimulus and the speed of response to that stimulus. Our data indicate that increased in the probability of a stimulus reduce reaction time by decreasing both stimulus-evaluation and response-production times. We also examine changes in reaction time and P300 latency induced by the match or mismatch between two stimuli presented consecutively, again as a function of probability. Models of the effects of stimulus matching on reaction time are evaluated.
对事件相关脑电位（ERP）的研究表明，ERP的属性可作为人类信息处理研究中的因变量。这些变量可以补充从对明显的骨骼反应研究中获得的信息。本报告说明了EPR的P300成分可用于研究人类信息处理的方式。具体而言，我们表明，通过分析P300成分的潜伏期与反应时间的协变，可以检验刺激概率与对该刺激的反应速度之间的关系。我们的数据表明，刺激概率的增加通过减少刺激评估和反应产生时间来缩短反应时间。我们还研究了连续呈现的两个刺激之间的匹配或不匹配所引起的反应时间和P300潜伏期的变化，同样作为概率的函数。评估了刺激匹配对反应时间影响的模型。
