Nicholls A J, Platts M M
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1982 Dec 4;285(6355):1607-9. doi: 10.1136/bmj.285.6355.1607.
A previously undescribed anaphylactoid reaction to haemodialysis, haemofiltration, or membrane plasma separation occurred in 15 patients receiving regular dialysis. The illness varied in severity from urticaria, sneezing, and watering of the eyes to severe bronchospasm and cardiovascular collapse, and began within a minute of blood being returned from the dialyser or filtration device to the patient. Reactions developed only when a dialyser sterilised with ethylene oxide was used for the first time and never after sterilisation with formalin. Several patients had more than one reaction while three had a reaction each time a new dialyser was used. Incorrect priming of the dialysers may be a partial explanation of these attacks, but the exact reason for their occurrence is unknown. This is a dramatic and potentially life-threatening syndrome that may not previously have been recognised as a reaction to dialysis.
15名接受定期透析的患者出现了一种先前未被描述的对血液透析、血液滤过或膜血浆分离的类过敏反应。病情严重程度不一，从荨麻疹、打喷嚏、流泪到严重的支气管痉挛和心血管衰竭，且在血液从透析器或滤过装置回流到患者体内后一分钟内就开始发作。只有在首次使用经环氧乙烷消毒的透析器时才会出现反应，而用福尔马林消毒后则从未出现过。几名患者出现过不止一次反应，还有三名患者每次使用新透析器时都会出现反应。透析器预充不当可能是这些发作的部分原因，但发作的确切原因尚不清楚。这是一种严重且可能危及生命的综合征，此前可能未被视为对透析的反应。
