Cutting J E, Proffitt D R, Kozlowski L T
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1978 Aug;4(3):357-72. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.4.3.357.
Viewers can determine the gender of a walker from sagitally projected, dynamic displays of point-lights attached to prominent joints. This article explores three interrelated approaches in search of a biomechanical invariant that viewers might use. The first, an index of torso structure, accounts for the data handsomely but seems inappropriate because it is not directly revealed in the dynamic stimuli. The second, a dynamic index of visible torsion in the trunk of a walker, also fits the data well but seems to have a logical problem and a difficulty in accounting for performance in certain conditions of several previous studies. The third has the strengths of the first two indices, and it can account for some other data as well. It is the center of moment and is a "deeper", more general description of the invariant. This center is a point around which all movement occurs. It can be thought of as one specification of the gestalt law of common fate and may be helpful for the study of movement perception in general.
观众可以通过附着在突出关节上的点光源的矢状面投影动态显示来确定步行者的性别。本文探索了三种相互关联的方法，以寻找观众可能使用的生物力学不变量。第一种是躯干结构指数，它能很好地解释数据，但似乎不太合适，因为它没有直接在动态刺激中显示出来。第二种是步行者躯干中可见扭转的动态指数，它也能很好地拟合数据，但似乎存在逻辑问题，并且在解释先前几项研究中某些条件下的表现时存在困难。第三种方法兼具前两种指数的优点，并且还能解释其他一些数据。它是矩心，是对不变量更“深入”、更一般的描述。这个中心是所有运动围绕其发生的点。它可以被认为是共同命运格式塔定律的一种具体表现，并且总体上可能有助于运动感知的研究。
