Logue A W
J Exp Anal Behav. 1983 Jan;39(1):107-27. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1983.39-107.
Pigeons' pecks on a red key and a green key were followed by access to grain according to pairs of concurrent independent variable-interval schedules in a combined signal detection/matching law paradigm. Pecks on the red key were reinforced by the richer variable-interval schedule if a short-duration tone had been presented; pecks on the green key were reinforced by the richer variable-interval schedule if a long-duration tone had been presented. Pecks on the green key given a short-duration tone, or on the red key given a long-duration tone, were reinforced by the leaner variable-interval schedule. The data were analyzed according to both signal detection's and the matching law's separate measures of, first, the discrimination of the choices and, second, the bias to make one response or another. Increasing the difficulty of the tone-duration discrimination decreased both methods' measures of the discrimination of the choices and did not change both methods' measures of the bias to make one response or another. Changing the leaner variable-interval schedule so that it approached the richer variable-interval schedule decreased signal detection's measure of discrimination but left its measure of response bias and the matching law measures unchanged. Data collected only until a subject's first changeover response following presentation of a long or a short tone showed higher values for both methods' measures of discrimination, no change in signal detection's measure of response bias, and lower values for the matching law's measure of response bias. Relationships between the matching law's and signal detection's methods of analyzing choice are discussed. It is concluded that a signal detection analysis is more efficient for examining changes in the difficulty of a discrimination, whereas a matching law analysis is more effective for examining the effects of changes in relative reinforcer frequency.
在一个结合了信号检测/匹配法则范式的实验中，根据成对的并发独立可变间隔时间表，鸽子对红色按键和绿色按键的啄击之后可获得谷物。如果呈现短时长的音调，对红色按键的啄击会由更丰富的可变间隔时间表强化；如果呈现长时长的音调，对绿色按键的啄击会由更丰富的可变间隔时间表强化。在短时长音调呈现时对绿色按键的啄击，或在长时长音调呈现时对红色按键的啄击，会由较稀疏的可变间隔时间表强化。数据根据信号检测和匹配法则各自的测量方法进行分析，首先是对选择的辨别，其次是做出一种反应或另一种反应的偏向。增加音调时长辨别的难度会降低两种方法对选择辨别的测量，并且不会改变两种方法对做出一种反应或另一种反应偏向的测量。改变较稀疏的可变间隔时间表使其接近更丰富的可变间隔时间表，会降低信号检测的辨别测量，但不改变其反应偏向测量以及匹配法则测量。仅在呈现长或短音调后直到受试者首次转换反应时收集的数据，显示两种方法对辨别的测量值更高，信号检测的反应偏向测量没有变化，而匹配法则的反应偏向测量值更低。讨论了匹配法则和信号检测分析选择方法之间的关系。得出的结论是，信号检测分析在检查辨别难度变化方面更有效，而匹配法则分析在检查相对强化频率变化的影响方面更有效。
