Luce P A, Feustel T C, Pisoni D B
Hum Factors. 1983 Feb;25(1):17-32. doi: 10.1177/001872088302500102.
Three experiments were performed that compared recall for synthetic and natural lists of monosyllabic words. In the first experiment, presentation intervals of 1, 2, and 5 s per word were used. Although free recall was consistently poorer overall for the synthetic lists at all presentation rates, the decrement for synthetic stimuli did not increase differentially with faster rates. In a second experiment, zero, three, and six digits were presented visually for retention prior to free recall of each spoken word list in a preload paradigm. Fewer subjects were able to correctly recall all of the digits for the six-digit list than the three-digit list when the following word lists were synthetic. The third experiment required ordered recall of lists of natural and synthetic words. Differences in ordered recall between the synthetic and natural word lists were substantially larger for the primacy portion of the serial position curve than the recency portion. These results indicate that difficulties observed in the perception and comprehension of synthetic speech are due, in part, to increased processing demands in short-term memory.
进行了三项实验，比较了对单音节词合成列表和自然列表的回忆。在第一个实验中，每个单词的呈现间隔为1秒、2秒和5秒。尽管在所有呈现速率下，合成列表的自由回忆总体上一直较差，但合成刺激的递减并没有随着更快的速率而有差异地增加。在第二个实验中，在预加载范式中，在对每个口语单词列表进行自由回忆之前，视觉呈现零、三、六个数字以进行记忆。当随后的单词列表是合成列表时，能够正确回忆六位数列表中所有数字的受试者比能够正确回忆三位数列表中所有数字的受试者更少。第三个实验要求对自然单词列表和合成单词列表进行顺序回忆。在系列位置曲线的首因部分，合成单词列表和自然单词列表在顺序回忆上的差异比近因部分大得多。这些结果表明，在合成语音的感知和理解中观察到的困难部分是由于短期记忆中处理需求的增加。
