Kronenberger William G, Colson Bethany G, Henning Shirley C, Pisoni David B
Indiana University School of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine
Indiana University School of Medicine.
J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2014 Oct;19(4):456-70. doi: 10.1093/deafed/enu011. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
Neurocognitive processes such as executive functioning (EF) may influence the development of speech-language skills in deaf children after cochlear implantation in ways that differ from normal-hearing, typically developing children. Conversely, spoken language abilities and experiences may also exert reciprocal effects on the development of EF. The purpose of this study was to identify EF domains that are related to speech-language skills in cochlear implant (CI) users, compared to normal-hearing peers. Sixty-four prelingually deaf, early-implanted, long-term users of CIs and 74 normal-hearing peers equivalent in age and nonverbal intelligence completed measures of speech-language skills and three domains of EF: working memory, fluency-speed, and inhibition-concentration. Verbal working memory and fluency-speed were more strongly associated with speech-language outcomes in the CI users than in the normal-hearing peers. Spatial working memory and inhibition-concentration correlated positively with language skills in normal-hearing peers but not in CI users. The core domains of EF that are associated with spoken language development are different in long-term CI users compared to normal-hearing peers, suggesting important dissociations in neurocognitive development.
诸如执行功能（EF）等神经认知过程可能会以不同于听力正常、发育正常儿童的方式影响聋儿人工耳蜗植入后言语语言技能的发展。相反，口语能力和经历也可能对执行功能的发展产生相互影响。本研究的目的是确定与人工耳蜗（CI）使用者言语语言技能相关的执行功能领域，并与听力正常的同龄人进行比较。64名语前聋、早期植入、长期使用人工耳蜗的使用者以及74名年龄和非言语智力相当的听力正常同龄人完成了言语语言技能测试以及执行功能的三个领域的测试：工作记忆、流畅速度和抑制注意力。与听力正常的同龄人相比，言语工作记忆和流畅速度与人工耳蜗使用者的言语语言结果的相关性更强。空间工作记忆和抑制注意力在听力正常的同龄人中与语言技能呈正相关，但在人工耳蜗使用者中并非如此。与听力正常的同龄人相比，长期人工耳蜗使用者中与口语发展相关的执行功能核心领域有所不同，这表明神经认知发展存在重要的分离。
