Friberg T R, Williamson D
Am J Ophthalmol. 1983 May;95(5):712-3. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(83)90400-2.
Body fluids containing hepatitis B surface antigen are considered to be potential sources of hepatitis B infection. This antigen has been detected in blood, oral secretions, synovial fluid, urine, feces, bile cerebrospinal fluid, pleural and peritoneal fluid, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, and tears. These fluids are probably not equally infectious, however, because the concentration of virus in a particular fluid may be low when compared to that in blood. For instance, in hepatitis B carriers whose tears were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, the concentration of hepatitis B surface antigen in the tears averaged less than one-fifteenth the average value found in serum.
含有乙型肝炎表面抗原的体液被认为是乙型肝炎感染的潜在来源。在血液、口腔分泌物、滑液、尿液、粪便、胆汁、脑脊液、胸膜和腹膜液、精液、阴道分泌物、母乳及眼泪中均检测到了这种抗原。然而，这些体液的传染性可能并不相同，因为与血液相比，特定体液中的病毒浓度可能较低。例如，在乙型肝炎表面抗原检测呈阳性的乙肝携带者的眼泪中，乙型肝炎表面抗原的浓度平均不到血清中该抗原平均值的十五分之一。
