Ruff C B, Hayes W C
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1983 Mar;60(3):383-400. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330600309.
Intra-populational variation in cross-sectional geometric properties of the femur and tibia are investigated in the Pecos Pueblo skeletal sample. Sex differences in geometric parameters suggest that male lower limb bones are more adapted for A-P bending, females for M-L bending. Proposed explanations for this finding include sexual dimorphism in pelvic structure and culturally prescribed sex-related activities at Pecos. With aging, both males and females undergo endosteal resorption and cortical thinning, greater among females. Both sexes also demonstrate an increase with age in subperiosteal area and second moments of area, supporting results reported in some studies of modern population samples. Sex and site-specific remodeling of the femur and tibia with aging also occur. These localized remodeling changes appear to selectively conserve more compact cortical bone in areas of high mechanical stress. Side differences in cross-sectional geometric properties indicate that left lower limb bones are generally larger than right lower limb bones, with asymmetry greater among females. In particular, left femora and tibiae are relatively stronger in A-P bending, again more so in females.
在佩科斯普韦布洛骨骼样本中研究了股骨和胫骨横截面几何特性的群体内部变异。几何参数的性别差异表明，男性下肢骨骼更适应前后弯曲，女性则更适应内外侧弯曲。对这一发现的解释包括骨盆结构的性二态性以及佩科斯地区与性别相关的文化规定活动。随着年龄增长，男性和女性都会经历骨内膜吸收和皮质变薄，女性更为明显。两性的骨膜下面积和面积二次矩也随年龄增加，这支持了一些现代人群样本研究报告的结果。随着年龄增长，股骨和胫骨也会发生性别和部位特异性的重塑。这些局部重塑变化似乎在高机械应力区域选择性地保留了更致密的皮质骨。横截面几何特性的左右差异表明，左下肢骨骼通常比右下肢骨骼大，女性的不对称性更大。特别是，左股骨和胫骨在前后弯曲方面相对更强，女性更为明显。
