Laragh J H, Pecker M S
Ann Intern Med. 1983 May;98(5 Pt 2):735-43. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-735.
Rigorous sodium deprivation can lower the blood pressure of some patients with essential hypertension (at best, 30% to 50% of patients). In the rest, sodium depletion is ineffective and, in some instances, can raise the blood pressure and cause adverse clinical effects. In normal persons, it is difficult to affect blood pressure even with drastic changes in salt intake; for the blood pressure to rise even slightly, it may be necessary to consume more than 800 meq/d. There is no evidence to indicate that a widely applied, moderate reduction of salt intake could prevent the development of hypertension. The evidence suggesting that such moderate salt intake would significantly lower blood pressure in the patients with sodium-sensitive essential hypertension is weak. Human hypertension comprises a heterogeneous spectrum of abnormal vasoconstriction-volume interactions. Sodium deprivation, like other forms of therapy, should be applied only to those patients in whom its effectiveness has been established.
严格的钠缺失可降低部分原发性高血压患者的血压（最多可使30%至50%的患者血压降低）。对于其余患者，钠缺失无效，而且在某些情况下，还会使血压升高并产生不良临床影响。在正常人中，即使盐摄入量发生剧烈变化，也很难影响血压；要使血压稍有升高，可能需要每天摄入超过800毫当量的盐。没有证据表明广泛应用的适度减少盐摄入量可预防高血压的发生。有证据表明，适度减少盐摄入量会使钠敏感性原发性高血压患者的血压显著降低，但其证据并不充分。人类高血压包括一系列异常的血管收缩 - 血容量相互作用。与其他治疗方法一样，钠缺失疗法应仅应用于已证实其有效性的患者。
