Albert R K, Lakshminarayan S, Charan N B, Kirk W, Butler J
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 Apr;54(4):1010-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1983.54.4.1010.
We determined the relative contribution of larger extra-alveolar arteries and veins to hydrostatic edema in in situ dog lungs. Left lower lobe alveolar and vascular pressures were controlled in 24 open-chest, anesthetized, heparinized dogs. Zero pressure was at the lobe base. Normal blood gases were maintained by ventilating the right lung. The left lower lobe was inflated with 5% CO2 and air to an alveolar pressure of 10 or 25 cmH2O and suspended from a strain gauge, which allowed continual weight recording. Vascular pressures were raised to alveolar pressure plus lung height (zone III) before and after pulmonary arterial or venous embolization with 37- to 74-microns polystyrene beads, which isolated the larger extra-alveolar arteries or veins from alveolar vessels. The weight change occurring during the last 3 min of the 5-min hydrostatic stress was taken to represent transvascular fluid flux. At an alveolar pressure of 25 cmH2O (estimated transmural pressure 40 cmH2O), leakage from the larger extra-alveolar arteries and veins accounted for 41 and 32%, respectively, of the total transvascular fluid flux occurring after embolization. At an alveolar pressure of 10 cmH2O (estimated transmural pressure 22 cmH2O), no extra-alveolar vessel leakage occurred. However, when vascular pressures were raised to provide a transmural pressure similar to that present at the higher alveolar pressure, the same contribution from larger extra-alveolar vessels was observed.
我们确定了较大的肺泡外动脉和静脉对原位犬肺静水压性肺水肿的相对贡献。在24只开胸、麻醉、肝素化的犬中，控制左下叶的肺泡和血管压力。叶底部压力为零。通过对右肺通气维持正常血气。左下叶用5%二氧化碳和空气充气至肺泡压10或25 cmH₂O，并悬挂在应变仪上，可连续记录重量。在用37至74微米的聚苯乙烯珠进行肺动脉或静脉栓塞之前和之后，将血管压力升高至肺泡压加肺高度（区域III），这将较大的肺泡外动脉或静脉与肺泡血管隔离开来。将5分钟静水压应激最后3分钟内发生的重量变化视为跨血管液体通量。在肺泡压为25 cmH₂O（估计跨壁压40 cmH₂O）时，较大的肺泡外动脉和静脉渗漏分别占栓塞后总跨血管液体通量的41%和32%。在肺泡压为10 cmH₂O（估计跨壁压22 cmH₂O）时，未发生肺泡外血管渗漏。然而，当升高血管压力以提供与较高肺泡压时相似的跨壁压时，观察到较大肺泡外血管的相同贡献。
