Short S H, Short W R
J Am Diet Assoc. 1983 Jun;82(6):632-45.
Baseline dietary intake data were collected for four years on 10 men's and 6 women's university athletic teams. Caloric intake means for specific teams were higher than those stated in nutrition textbooks (5,270 kcal for football, with a 14,000 kcal per day maximum). Athletes' caloric intakes cannot be grouped, as some athletes (wrestlers and gymnasts) have low intakes (400 kcal per day). Protein intake of all athletes except wrestlers and gymnasts is high (in many cases more than twice any recommendation). The diets of teams with high caloric intakes had a high (more than 50%) fat content. The fat content of the diets of other athletes ranged from 30% to 40%. The wrestling team had more members with poor nutrient intake (less than two-thirds of recommendations) than any other team. Poor vitamin A intakes were noted for all athletic teams studied. Low potassium intakes also were common. Members of women's teams had low iron intakes even though their protein and caloric intakes were high.
对10支男子和6支女子大学运动队的膳食摄入数据进行了为期四年的基线收集。特定运动队的热量摄入平均值高于营养教科书所述水平（橄榄球队为5270千卡，每日最高摄入量为14000千卡）。运动员的热量摄入不能一概而论，因为一些运动员（摔跤运动员和体操运动员）摄入量较低（每天400千卡）。除摔跤运动员和体操运动员外，所有运动员的蛋白质摄入量都很高（在许多情况下超过任何推荐量的两倍）。热量摄入高的运动队的饮食脂肪含量高（超过50%）。其他运动员饮食中的脂肪含量在30%至40%之间。摔跤队中营养摄入不足（低于推荐量的三分之二）的队员比其他任何运动队都多。在所研究的所有运动队中都发现维生素A摄入量不足。低钾摄入量也很常见。女子运动队的队员尽管蛋白质和热量摄入量较高，但铁摄入量较低。
