Kohno T, Ishibashi T, Inomata H, Ikui H, Taniguchi Y
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1983;27(1):149-56.
Experimental macular edema of commotio retinae was studied in rhesus monkeys. Clinically, opacification of the retina in these experimental animals closely resembled commotio retinae of man. No pigment epithelial damage was detected by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography showed no leakage from the retinal and choroidal circulations in the macular region. Histologically, macular swelling was apparent and was due primarily to changes of the outer plexiform layer. In this layer, swelling of the axons of the photoreceptor cells was prominent. Intracellular edema was also detected in the Müller cell processes in the inner retina and in the pigment epithelial cells. Prominent changes also occurred in the inner and outer segments of the photoreceptor cells. Disruption of the blood-retinal barrier was not found using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer. We concluded that retinal opacification was due to disagreement and intracellular edema of the cellular elements of the retina, perhaps a direct result of movement of intracellular fluid in response to mechanical injury.
在恒河猴身上研究了视网膜震荡的实验性黄斑水肿。临床上，这些实验动物的视网膜混浊与人类的视网膜震荡非常相似。检眼镜检查未发现色素上皮损伤，荧光素血管造影显示黄斑区视网膜和脉络膜循环无渗漏。组织学上，黄斑肿胀明显，主要是由于外丛状层的变化。在这一层中，光感受器细胞轴突的肿胀很突出。在内层视网膜的米勒细胞突起和色素上皮细胞中也检测到细胞内水肿。光感受器细胞的内段和外段也发生了显著变化。使用辣根过氧化物酶作为示踪剂未发现血视网膜屏障破坏。我们得出结论，视网膜混浊是由于视网膜细胞成分的紊乱和细胞内水肿，这可能是细胞内液因机械损伤而移动的直接结果。
