丙酮诱导雄性大鼠三卤甲烷毒性增强

Acetone-induced potentiation of trihalomethane toxicity in male rats.

作者信息

Hewitt W R, Brown E M, Plaa G L

出版信息

Toxicol Lett. 1983 May;16(3-4):285-96. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(83)90189-3.

Abstract

The acute hepato- and nephrotoxic potentials of two trihalomethane water contaminants, bromodichloromethane (BrCHCl2) and dibromochloromethane (Br2CHCl), were determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Br2CHCl possessed a greater hepatotoxic and lethal potential than BrCHCl2. However, both Br2CHCl and BrCHCl2 were weak hepatotoxicants as compared to a related trihalomethane, CHCl3. Br2CHCl and BrCHCl2 did not produce liver injury until near-lethal dosages were administered. Neither trihalomethane appeared to produce appreciable kidney injury during the 24-h challenge period. Pretreatment of rats with acetone (15 mmol/kg, p.o.) markedly potentiated the hepatotoxic response to BrCHCl2 and Br2CHCl. The potentiated response observed with acetone plus BrCHCl2 or Br2CHCl was equal to or greater than that observed with acetone plus an approximately equimolar dosage of CHCl3. That is, acetone appeared to convert these weak hepatotoxicants into strong hepatotoxicants.

摘要

在雄性斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠中测定了两种三卤甲烷水污染物——溴二氯甲烷（BrCHCl₂）和二溴氯甲烷（Br₂CHCl）的急性肝毒性和肾毒性潜力。与BrCHCl₂相比，Br₂CHCl具有更大的肝毒性和致死潜力。然而，与相关的三卤甲烷CHCl₃相比，Br₂CHCl和BrCHCl₂都是弱肝毒物。直到给予接近致死剂量时，Br₂CHCl和BrCHCl₂才会导致肝损伤。在24小时的激发期内，这两种三卤甲烷似乎都不会引起明显的肾损伤。用丙酮（15 mmol/kg，口服）对大鼠进行预处理可显著增强对BrCHCl₂和Br₂CHCl的肝毒性反应。丙酮加BrCHCl₂或Br₂CHCl观察到的增强反应等于或大于丙酮加近似等摩尔剂量的CHCl₃所观察到的反应。也就是说，丙酮似乎将这些弱肝毒物转化为强肝毒物。