McDonnell W F, Horstman D H, Hazucha M J, Seal E, Haak E D, Salaam S A, House D E
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 May;54(5):1345-52. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1983.54.5.1345.
Because minimal data are available regarding the pulmonary effects of ozone (O3) at levels less than 0.27 ppm, six groups of healthy young males were exposed for 2.5 h to one of the following O3 concentrations: 0.0, 0.12, 0.18, 0.24, 0.30, or 0.40 ppm. Fifteen-minute periods of rest and exercise (65 l/min minute ventilation) were alternated during the first 2 h of exposure. Coughing was observed at all levels of O3 exposure. Small changes in forced-expiratory spirometric variables [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and mean expiratory flow rate between 25 and 75% FVC] were observed at 0.12 and 0.18 ppm O3, and larger changes were found at O3 levels greater than or equal to 0.24 ppm. Changes in tidal volume and respiratory frequency during exercise, specific airway resistance, the presence of pain on deep inspiration, and shortness of breath occurred at O3 levels greater than or equal to 0.24 ppm. In conclusion, pulmonary effects of O3 were observed at levels much lower than that for which these effects have been previously described. Stimulation of airway receptors is probably the mechanism responsible for the majority of observed changes; however, the existence of a second mechanism of action is postulated.
由于关于浓度低于0.27 ppm的臭氧（O₃）对肺部影响的可用数据极少，六组健康年轻男性被暴露于以下O₃浓度之一达2.5小时：0.0、0.12、0.18、0.24、0.30或0.40 ppm。在暴露的前2小时内，15分钟的休息和运动（每分钟通气量65升）交替进行。在所有O₃暴露水平下均观察到咳嗽。在O₃浓度为0.12和0.18 ppm时，观察到用力呼气肺量计变量[用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒用力呼气量以及FVC的25%至75%之间的平均呼气流量率]有微小变化，而在O₃浓度大于或等于0.24 ppm时发现变化更大。在O₃浓度大于或等于0.24 ppm时，运动期间的潮气量和呼吸频率、比气道阻力、深吸气时的疼痛以及呼吸急促均出现变化。总之，在远低于先前描述的O₃水平时就观察到了肺部影响。气道受体的刺激可能是导致大多数观察到的变化的机制；然而，推测存在第二种作用机制。
