Kwofie K, Brew-Graves E, Adika G H
Soc Sci Med. 1983;17(9):539-43. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(83)90296-4.
An analysis of recent nutritional status and dietary surveys in Zambia reveal a widespread prevalence of malnutrition. Pregnant women suffer from serious protein inadequacy. Variations in the nutritional status of the population is shown to vary with respect to different ecological conditions and to the level of socio-economic development within each province. Because of the interdependence between the nutritional health of the mother and the outcome of pregnancy, there is reason to believe that the prevailing malnutrition among pregnant women may be responsible, not only for lower birth weight and congenital malformations, but also, for increased maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity in Zambia. Long-term solutions lie in the integration of nutrition concerns into sectoral development strategies; a commitment to reduce existing income disparities between the rural and urban areas; and innovative attempts to improve the efficiency of rural health institutions in the country.
对赞比亚近期营养状况和饮食调查的分析显示，营养不良现象普遍存在。孕妇严重缺乏蛋白质。研究表明，该国人口的营养状况因不同的生态条件以及每个省份的社会经济发展水平而异。由于母亲的营养健康与妊娠结局相互依存，因此有理由相信，赞比亚孕妇中普遍存在的营养不良不仅可能导致低出生体重和先天性畸形，还可能导致孕产妇和围产期死亡率及发病率上升。长期解决方案在于将营养问题纳入部门发展战略；致力于缩小城乡之间现有的收入差距；以及进行创新尝试，提高该国农村医疗机构的效率。
