Tesch P A
Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1983 Jun;8(2):87-91.
Elite flat-water kayak paddlers were characterized with regard to body composition, muscle strength and endurance for upper-body exercise. Furthermore, maximal oxygen uptake was measured during three types of exercise: treadmill running, arm cranking and outdoor paddling. Blood samples for subsequent lactate analysis were collected not only after maximal exercises but also during training sessions and post 1000 m racing. In comparison with other groups of athletes known to exhibit great upper-body muscle strength, kayakers were found to possess high values for shoulder strength, endurance and anaerobic capacity. Total body maximal oxygen uptake averaged (+/- SD) 5.36 +/- 0.25 l X min-1. The values for arm cranking and paddling were 4.30 +/- 0.29 l X min-1 and 4.67 +/- 0.16 l X min-1. High blood lactate levels were noticed under training conditions and post competition (11.0-17.5 mmol X l-1). Taken together, the present study suggests success in flat-water kayak racing to require great upper-body muscle strength, anaerobic capacity and endurance in addition to high aerobic power.
对优秀的静水皮划艇运动员的身体成分、上肢运动的肌肉力量和耐力进行了特征分析。此外，还在三种运动中测量了最大摄氧量：跑步机跑步、手摇曲柄运动和户外划桨。不仅在最大运动后，还在训练期间和1000米比赛后采集血样用于后续的乳酸分析。与其他已知具有强大上肢肌肉力量的运动员群体相比，发现皮划艇运动员在肩部力量、耐力和无氧能力方面具有较高的值。全身最大摄氧量平均（±标准差）为5.36±0.25升/分钟。手摇曲柄运动和划桨的数值分别为4.30±0.29升/分钟和4.67±0.16升/分钟。在训练条件下和比赛后观察到高血乳酸水平（11.0 - 17.5毫摩尔/升）。综上所述，本研究表明，静水皮划艇比赛的成功除了需要高有氧能力外，还需要强大的上肢肌肉力量、无氧能力和耐力。
