N'Guessan G, Stephens F D
J Urol. 1983 Oct;130(4):649-53. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)51385-3.
We studied 58 case reports of patients with supernumerary kidneys to determine the morphology, vagaries and embryogenesis of this rare and poorly documented anomaly. The supernumerary kidney usually was located caudal to the ipsilateral kidney when subserved by a bifid ureter and cranially when the ureters were separate. The Weigert-Meyer law for duplex fused kidneys was obeyed by the supernumerary ureter in most fully documented cases of double ureters. Pathologic conditions of the upper urinary tract occurred in more than 50 per cent of the patients with a bifid system, who were prone to have hydronephrosis and calculous disease, and with a double system, who were prone to have complications resulting from supernumerary ureteral ectopia. Double tails to the nephrogenic cords, each induced by a branch of a bifid bud or by 1 of 2 separate buds as opposed to tandem inductions of a single metanephros, were regarded as the probable embryogenesis.
我们研究了58例重复肾患者的病例报告，以确定这种罕见且记录不充分的异常情况的形态、变化及胚胎发生过程。当有双叉输尿管时，重复肾通常位于同侧肾脏的尾侧；当输尿管分开时，则位于头侧。在大多数有充分记录的双输尿管病例中，重复输尿管遵循双肾盂融合肾的魏格特-迈耶定律。上尿路病理状况在超过50%的双叉系统患者中出现，这些患者易患肾积水和结石病；在双系统患者中也易出现，这些患者易因重复输尿管异位而出现并发症。肾原索的双尾，分别由双叉芽的一个分支或两个分开的芽中的一个诱导形成，而非单个后肾的串联诱导，被认为是可能的胚胎发生过程。
