Sachsse K, Zbinden K, Ullmann L
Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1980;4:305-11. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-67729-8_62.
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in acute inhalation toxicity (LC50 values) using different types of exposure systems with five agricultural chemicals (three insecticides and two herbicides). Rats of both sexes were exposed during a period of four hours and observed for 14 days. During exposure air flow rate, concentration, particle size distribution, temperature, relative humidity and oxygen content were monitored within the inhalation chamber, toxic signs and death rate were recorded during the exposure and observation period. Of the three insecticides tested two were liquid OP type compounds - one of which was hydrophilic and one lipophilic - and one was a moderately hydrophilic solid insecticidal carbamate. Upon whole body exposure the hydrophilic OP was slightly less toxic and the lipophilic OP slightly more toxic. The carbamate was equally toxic regardless of type of exposure. The results demonstrate that it is advisable to have both systems available in view of the importance of exposures under practical conditions of use. For gaseous materials the whole body exposure is preferred.
本研究的目的是使用不同类型的暴露系统，对五种农用化学品（三种杀虫剂和两种除草剂）的急性吸入毒性（LC50值）差异进行调查。雌雄大鼠暴露4小时，并观察14天。在暴露期间，监测吸入室内的气流速率、浓度、粒径分布、温度、相对湿度和氧气含量，在暴露和观察期间记录毒性体征和死亡率。在所测试的三种杀虫剂中，两种是液体有机磷类化合物——其中一种是亲水性的，一种是亲脂性的——另一种是中等亲水性的固体杀虫氨基甲酸酯。全身暴露时，亲水性有机磷的毒性略低，亲脂性有机磷的毒性略高。氨基甲酸酯无论暴露类型如何，毒性相同。结果表明，鉴于在实际使用条件下暴露的重要性，最好同时具备这两种系统。对于气态物质，首选全身暴露。
