Moore R N, Nash D A, Andes J O
J Dent Educ. 1980 Dec;44(12):705-11.
The courts have traditionally granted universities absolute discretion in determining whether a student has met the academic requirements of the institution and have not interfered in dismissals unless there was a clear indication that the action was arbitrary, capricious, or in bad faith. Recent court cases are cited that indicate that the courts are now beginning to require that students be informed of academic (including clinical) deficiencies and be provided the opportunity to correct the problem. When the dismissal is for disciplinary rather than academic reasons, more procedural due process is required. Although a formal judicial hearing is unnecessary, the dental administrator should be given an opportunity to hear both sides of the issue in considerable detail and the student should be given the essential elements of procedural due process of law.
传统上，法院赋予大学绝对的自由裁量权来决定学生是否满足学校的学术要求，并且除非有明确迹象表明学校的行为是武断的、任性的或恶意的，否则法院不会干涉学校的开除决定。文中引用了近期的法院案例，这些案例表明法院现在开始要求学校告知学生学术（包括临床）方面的不足，并为学生提供纠正问题的机会。当开除是出于纪律而非学术原因时，则需要更多符合正当程序的手续。虽然不需要进行正式的司法听证，但牙科管理人员应有机会详细听取问题的双方意见，并且应给予学生基本的正当法律程序要素。
