Seuánez H N
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1980;Suppl 28:91-104.
We have analysed the chromosome constitution of 8 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), 3 pygmy chimpanzees (Pan paniscus), and 16 gorillas (Gorilla gorilla). In the chimpanzees, the frequency of brilliant Q-band polymorphisms accounted for 8.85 regions per individual, and in the gorilla 14.9, whereas in man it was only 2.9-4.6. Variation in the amount of constitutive heterochromatin was also observed, and the gorilla appeared to be the most variable of all. A detailed analysis of the spermatozoa of the African apes showed that the gorilla produced pleiomorphic spermatozoa. As the animals under investigation were phenotypically normal, of proven fertility, and were kept in unheated cages, it is probable that gorillas, like human males, normally exhibit pleiomorphic spermatozoa. This makes it unlikely that clothing-induced hyperthermia could account for pleiomorphic spermatozoa in man. The modal cell types in the ejaculates of men and gorillas were also morphologically identical. The less frequent cell types defined as morphologically abnormal spermatozoa were also very similar and occurred in similar proportions. It is therefore impossible to distinguish between man and the gorilla by a simple examination of the ejaculate, although it is possible to distinguish between man and the chimpanzees or between the gorilla and the chimpanzees. Both species of chimpanzee produced identical spermatozoa. With quinacrine fluorescence, F-bodies were observed in the sperm head of the chimpanzees and the gorilla. In the chimpanzee and the pygmy chimpanzee, F-bodies correspond to brilliant autosomal regions, whereas in the gorilla they probably correspond both the the autosomes and the Y chromosome. There was no consistently visible F-body in the sperm head of the chimpanzee or the gorilla; in the pygmy chimpanzee, one fluorescent region appeared, and it probably corresponded to a brilliant region in autosomal pair No. 23.
我们分析了8只黑猩猩（黑猩猩属）、3只倭黑猩猩（倭黑猩猩属）和16只大猩猩（大猩猩属）的染色体组成。在黑猩猩中，明亮Q带多态性的频率为每个个体8.85个区域，在大猩猩中为14.9个区域，而在人类中仅为2.9 - 4.6个区域。还观察到组成型异染色质数量的变化，大猩猩似乎是所有物种中变化最大的。对非洲猿类精子的详细分析表明，大猩猩产生多形性精子。由于所研究的动物在表型上正常、生育能力得到证实且饲养在未加热的笼子中，所以大猩猩很可能像人类男性一样，正常情况下会表现出多形性精子。这使得由衣物引起的体温过高不太可能是人类多形性精子的原因。人类和大猩猩射精中的模式细胞类型在形态上也相同。被定义为形态异常精子的较不常见细胞类型也非常相似，且出现比例相近。因此，仅通过简单检查射精物无法区分人类和大猩猩，尽管可以区分人类和黑猩猩或大猩猩和黑猩猩。两种黑猩猩产生相同的精子。用喹吖因荧光法观察到，在黑猩猩和大猩猩的精子头部有F小体。在黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩中，F小体对应于明亮的常染色体区域，而在大猩猩中，它们可能既对应常染色体也对应Y染色体。在黑猩猩或大猩猩的精子头部没有始终可见的F小体；在倭黑猩猩中，出现了一个荧光区域，它可能对应于第23号常染色体对中的一个明亮区域。
