Lijinsky W, Losikoff A M, Sansone E B
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981 Jan;66(1):125-7.
N-Nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) and N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) were painted on the clipped upper dorsal skin of male F344 rats. NDELA was applied undiluted, dissolved in water, and dissolved in cutting oil; NMOR was applied dissolved in water and in ethyl acetate. Aqueous solutions of the nitrosamines were used for gavage. Rats were housed individually. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for nitrosamines by chromatography combined with a Thermal Energy Analyzer. Maximum penetration of NMOR was approximately equal to 34% 2 hours after application of 5 mg to the skin or by gavage; less than 1% appeared in the urine in 24 hours. Skin painting with NDELA in water (20 mg/100 microliters) and in cutting oil (25 mg/25 microliters) yielded small concentrations of NDELA (always < 25 micrograms/ml blood). When 50 mg of undiluted NDELA was painted on the skin, 130 to 220 micrograms/ml of blood was recovered after 1 hour. Administering 50 mg NDELA in water by gavage yielded similar blood concentrations. Maximum skin penetration observed with NDELA was 78% 1 hour after application of 50 mg. From 20 to 30% of the NDELA applied undiluted and by gavage appeared in the urine in 24 hours. Although animals and humans differ, skin exposure to NMOR or NDELA represents a risk due to absorption.
将N-亚硝基吗啉（NMOR）和N-亚硝基二乙醇胺（NDELA）涂抹在雄性F344大鼠背部上方 clipped 皮肤处。NDELA未稀释直接使用，或溶于水及切削油中使用；NMOR则溶于水和乙酸乙酯中使用。亚硝胺的水溶液用于灌胃。大鼠单独饲养。通过色谱法结合热能分析仪对血液和尿液样本中的亚硝胺进行分析。涂抹5mg NMOR于皮肤或进行灌胃后2小时，其最大渗透量约为34%；24小时内尿液中出现的量少于1%。用水（20mg/100微升）和切削油（25mg/25微升）涂抹NDELA于皮肤，血液中NDELA浓度较低（始终<25微克/毫升）。当50mg未稀释的NDELA涂抹于皮肤时，1小时后血液中回收量为130至220微克/毫升。灌胃50mg溶于水的NDELA产生相似的血液浓度。涂抹50mg NDELA后1小时观察到的最大皮肤渗透量为78%。未稀释并通过灌胃使用的NDELA，24小时内有20%至30%出现在尿液中。尽管动物和人类有所不同，但皮肤接触NMOR或NDELA因吸收作用而存在风险。
