Modéer T, Lavstedt S, Ahlund C
Acta Odontol Scand. 1980;38(4):223-7. doi: 10.3109/00016358009003493.
A group of 232 schoolchildren aged 13-14 years in the Municipality of Huddinge, on the outskirts of Stockholm, were examined in order to study the effects of smoking and oral use of snuff in relation to oral health. Of the schoolchildren 21.5% smoked regularly. Snuff was taken regularly by 11% of the boys, but none of the girls. Snuff was present in the oral cavity for an average of 3.5 hours every day. The variable "number of cigarettes" was found to be a significant (p less than 0.01) predictor to the dependent variable "plaque" after controlling for the predictors "frequency of tooth-brushing" and "sex". Snuff usage showed a strongly significant correlation to gingival index after controlling for plaque. The result showed that use of snuff may influence on the gingival tissue directly whereas smoking affects plaque accumulation.
为研究吸烟和口用鼻烟对口腔健康的影响，对位于斯德哥尔摩郊区胡丁厄市的232名13 - 14岁学童进行了检查。这些学童中，21.5%经常吸烟。11%的男孩经常使用鼻烟，而女孩无人使用。鼻烟在口腔中的停留时间平均每天为3.5小时。在控制了“刷牙频率”和“性别”等预测因素后，发现变量“吸烟数量”是因变量“牙菌斑”的显著（p小于0.01）预测指标。在控制牙菌斑后，鼻烟使用与牙龈指数呈现出极强的相关性。结果表明，使用鼻烟可能直接影响牙龈组织，而吸烟则影响牙菌斑的积累。
