Cars O
Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1981;Suppl 27:1-48. doi: 10.3109/inf.1981.13.suppl-27.01.
Tissue distribution of ampicillin, dicloxacillin and cefuroxime was studied in rabbits. Different methods allowing frequent samples to be obtained from the same animal were used. Tissue fluid was obtained from subcutaneously implanted steel net cages and by implantation of thin cotton threads under the muscle fascia. A microtechnique was developed for determination of antibiotic concentrations in small muscle samples. The concentration time course in serum and tissue was followed after a single intravenous or intramuscular injection of the antibiotic. In tissue cage fluid, levels of ampicillin and dicloxacillin were low as compared to the serum concentrations. Also, maximum levels occurred later than in serum and elimination was slower. In contrast, rapid peak levels were achieved in muscle tissue with all three investigated antibiotics and the muscle concentrations declined parallel to the serum levels. The results also indicated that beta-lactam antibiotics are not homogeneously distributed in muscle tissue but mainly confined to the extracellular fluid volume. Whole tissue levels could therefore underestimate the actual antibiotic concentrations in the tissue fluid where the bacteria causing soft tissue infections are most likely to be found. Serum levels, however, seemed to be a good indicator for the concentration time course in tissue fluid.
在兔子身上研究了氨苄西林、双氯西林和头孢呋辛的组织分布。采用了不同的方法以便能从同一动物身上频繁采集样本。通过皮下植入钢网笼以及在肌肉筋膜下植入细棉线来获取组织液。开发了一种微技术用于测定小块肌肉样本中的抗生素浓度。在单次静脉注射或肌肉注射抗生素后，追踪血清和组织中的浓度随时间的变化过程。在组织笼液中，氨苄西林和双氯西林的水平与血清浓度相比很低。而且，最高水平出现的时间比血清中晚，消除也更慢。相比之下，使用的这三种抗生素在肌肉组织中都能迅速达到峰值水平，并且肌肉浓度与血清水平平行下降。结果还表明，β-内酰胺类抗生素在肌肉组织中分布不均匀，主要局限于细胞外液体积。因此，整个组织水平可能会低估在最有可能发现引起软组织感染的细菌的组织液中的实际抗生素浓度。然而，血清水平似乎是组织液中浓度随时间变化过程的一个良好指标。
