Characterization of a cloned repetitive DNA sequence concentrated on the human X chromosome.

A tandemly repeated DNA sequence organized predominantly, if not entirely, in a specific manner on the human X chromosome has been cloned in pBR322 and characterized. The sequence was detected as a 2-kilobase band in ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels of BamHI-digested total human nuclear DNA. Although in situ hybridization of the cloned sequence to human metaphase chromosomes showed a single major site of hybridization at the centromere region of the X chromosome and minor sites of hybridization at several autosomal centromeres, Southern blot analysis of restricted total human DNA indicated that the cloned probe is related to other repeated DNAs, particularly the human alphoid DNAs. Restriction enzyme analysis of the cloned fragment revealed an internal repeat structure based upon multiples of 170 base pairs, confirming this relatedness. All available data, however, suggest that the 2-kilobase spacing of BamHI sites within the repeat may be specific to the X chromosome.