Orzalesi M
Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl. 1982;299:77-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1982.tb09629.x.
In the present stage of knowledge, the following approach to vitamin supplementation seems reasonable. Breast-fed full-term infants should be supplemented with vitamin D (400 I.U./day). Supplementation of bottle-fed infants will depend upon the vitamin content of the formula which is being used. Pre-term and LBW infants may need higher amounts of vitamin D (800-1 000 I.U./day) and should be supplemented with vitamin E (1-2 I.U./day), C (50 mg/day), B6 (30-60 mcg/day) and folic acid (50-100 mcg/day) when they are being fed formulas with high amounts of PUFA and proteins or with iron. Multivitamin supplementation appears to be acceptable for infants of very low birth weight (less than 1 500 g) until they reach a body weight of at least 2 000 grams or a caloric intake of 300 kcal/day. Finally, the present routine of administering 0.5-1.0 mg of vitamin K at birth to all infants should be continued.
在当前知识阶段,以下维生素补充方法似乎是合理的。足月母乳喂养的婴儿应补充维生素D(每日400国际单位)。人工喂养婴儿的补充情况将取决于所使用配方奶中的维生素含量。早产和低体重婴儿可能需要更高剂量的维生素D(每日800 - 1000国际单位),并且当他们食用富含多不饱和脂肪酸和蛋白质或含铁的配方奶时,应补充维生素E(每日1 - 2国际单位)、维生素C(每日50毫克)、维生素B6(每日30 - 60微克)和叶酸(每日50 - 100微克)。对于极低出生体重(低于1500克)的婴儿,在其体重至少达到2000克或热量摄入达到每日300千卡之前,补充多种维生素似乎是可以接受的。最后,目前所有婴儿出生时常规给予0.5 - 1.0毫克维生素K的做法应继续。