Substance abuse, public health and the pediatrician.

Substance abuse is a major public health problem affecting increasing numbers of children and adolescents. It is important to consider the various etiologic factors and the detrimental effects on individuals and social welfare. Intervention refers to early diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and resocialization, as well as prevention, education, and alternatives. Its effectiveness depends on: the recognition of the problem as biopsychosocial; a humanistic/holistic approach; and collaboration of family, school, work, etc., with the physician and the patient. Training in substance abuse will prepare the pediatrician to meets his responsibilities as clinician, school consultant, family counselor, public health worker, and community educator.