Cohen A B, James H L
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982 Jul;126(1):25-30. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1982.126.1.25.
A procedure for measuring the oxidant content of aqueous condensates of tobacco cigarette smoke is described. The procedure was used in conjunction with analysis of the ability of the smoke solutions to inactivate the elastase inhibitory capacity (EIC) of alpha 1-antitrypsin. The ability of the smoke of a brand to inactivate alpha 1-antitrypsin correlates well with the known tar and nicotine and with the amount of oxidants as measured using o-dianisidine. Filters were found to remove about 73% of the oxidants from smoke. Smoke from a commercial nontobacco cigarette was also found to contain a significant amount of oxidants and to also destroy alpha 1-antitrypsin. Catalase and superoxide dismutase reduce the effect of solutions containing smoke on the EIC of alpha 1-antitrypsin, suggesting that peroxides and superoxide anions in smoke contribute to the oxidant capacity of the smoke. The extent of apparent oxidation by a given quantity of smoke condensate increases for as long as an hour from the time the condensate is collected. The addition of hydrogen peroxide to the smoke solution increases both its oxidant content and its ability to inactivate alpha 1-antitrypsin. These data suggest that occurrence of hydrogen peroxide caused by secretion from macrophages found in the small airways of smokers may contribute to a locally damaging environment for alpha 1-antitrypsin in the presence of cigarette smoke that could promote the development of centrilobular emphysema.
描述了一种测量卷烟烟雾水冷凝物中氧化剂含量的方法。该方法与分析烟雾溶液使α1 -抗胰蛋白酶的弹性蛋白酶抑制能力（EIC）失活的能力相结合使用。一个品牌的烟雾使α1 -抗胰蛋白酶失活的能力与已知的焦油和尼古丁以及使用邻联茴香胺测量的氧化剂含量密切相关。发现过滤嘴可去除烟雾中约73%的氧化剂。还发现商业非烟草卷烟的烟雾中含有大量氧化剂，并且也会破坏α1 -抗胰蛋白酶。过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶可降低含烟雾溶液对α1 -抗胰蛋白酶EIC的影响，这表明烟雾中的过氧化物和超氧阴离子有助于烟雾的氧化能力。从收集冷凝物之时起，给定数量的烟雾冷凝物的表观氧化程度会持续增加长达一小时。向烟雾溶液中添加过氧化氢会增加其氧化剂含量及其使α1 -抗胰蛋白酶失活的能力。这些数据表明，吸烟者小气道中巨噬细胞分泌产生的过氧化氢的出现，可能在香烟烟雾存在的情况下，对α1 -抗胰蛋白酶造成局部破坏环境，从而促进小叶中心型肺气肿的发展。
