Gordis E N, Sereny G
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1980 Jan;4(1):34-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1980.tb04788.x.
We studied the effect of prior narcotic addiction on response to treatment of alcoholism. Patients in the Elmhurst Alcoholism Treatment Program are offered medical care, counseling, disulfiram, and close affiliation with Alcoholics Anonymous. We compared 85 alcoholics who had a history of narcotic use with a control group of 85 alcoholics matched for age, sex, and race who had never used narcotics. Among controls, 30 (35%) became abstinent from alcohol for at least half the time that they were known to us. Of the former narcotic users, only 8 (9%) became abstinent for at least half the time they were known to us. Former narcotic users did poorly in alcoholism treatment, whether or not they had ever been treated with methadone maintenance. Alcohol use, often heavy, began before heroin use in at least half the narcotic group. We conclude that a history of narcotic use reduces markedly the chance of success in conventional alcoholism treatment, and that alcoholism and narcotic addiction develop independently.
我们研究了既往使用麻醉品成瘾对酒精中毒治疗反应的影响。参加埃尔姆赫斯特酒精中毒治疗项目的患者可获得医疗护理、咨询、双硫仑治疗，以及与戒酒互助会的密切联系。我们将85名有使用麻醉品史的酗酒者与85名年龄、性别和种族相匹配但从未使用过麻醉品的酗酒者组成的对照组进行了比较。在对照组中，有30人（35%）在我们对其有所了解的至少一半时间内戒酒。而在有过麻醉品使用史的人群中，只有8人（9%）在我们对其有所了解的至少一半时间内戒酒。既往使用过麻醉品的酗酒者在酒精中毒治疗中效果不佳，无论他们是否曾接受过美沙酮维持治疗。在至少一半的麻醉品使用者组中，饮酒（通常量很大）始于使用海洛因之前。我们得出结论，有使用麻醉品史会显著降低传统酒精中毒治疗成功的几率，并且酒精中毒和麻醉品成瘾是独立发展的。
