Olesen O V, Thomsen K
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1980 Mar;46(3):178-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1980.tb02440.x.
A high intake of potassium prevents lithium-induced renal water and sodium losing conditions. In order to investigate a probable curative effect of potassium against these conditions Wistar rats were given lithium by the food (80 mmol/kg). The animals had access to water and a 0.46 M NaCl solution. The potassium content of the food was 100 mmol/kg during the pretreatment period of about 4 weeks, then 500 mmol of KCl per kg food was added. Potassium administration did not significantly influence the intake of water but led to a temporary rise of the intake of 0.46 M NaCl. The intake rose from 100 mu to 500 mumol/hr/100 g body weight in the course of 2-3 days and then gradually declined during three weeks. The increase of the sodium intake was not superfluous but due to a renal loss of sodium. If the animals were not allowed to replace the lost sodium by drinking more NaCl solution, plasma renin rose, body weight, lithium clearance, and water intake fell. It is concluded that a high potassium intake was unable to cure lithium-induced water and sodium losing conditions in rats. Prolonged lithium administration interferes with the mechanism for selective renal excretion of potassium. A high potassium intake resulted in a temporary renal loss of sodium.
高钾摄入可预防锂诱导的肾性水钠丢失情况。为研究钾对这些情况可能的治疗效果，给Wistar大鼠通过食物给予锂（80 mmol/kg）。动物可自由饮用自来水和0.46 M的NaCl溶液。在约4周的预处理期内，食物中的钾含量为100 mmol/kg，然后每千克食物中添加500 mmol的KCl。钾的给予对水的摄入量没有显著影响，但导致0.46 M NaCl摄入量暂时增加。在2 - 3天内，摄入量从100 μmol/小时/100克体重增加到500 μmol/小时/100克体重，然后在三周内逐渐下降。钠摄入量的增加并非多余，而是由于肾性钠丢失。如果不允许动物通过饮用更多的NaCl溶液来补充丢失的钠，血浆肾素升高，体重、锂清除率和水摄入量下降。得出的结论是，高钾摄入无法治愈大鼠锂诱导的水钠丢失情况。长期给予锂会干扰肾脏选择性排泄钾的机制。高钾摄入导致暂时的肾性钠丢失。
