von Wright A, Tikkanen L
Mutat Res. 1980 May;78(1):17-23. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(80)90021-x.
The mutagenic properties of hydrazine and its mono- and di-methyl derivatives were compared by direct microbial tests with the tryptophan auxotroph Escherichia coli as indicator organism. The methyl- and dimethyl-hydrazine were also tested with metabolic activation both by the Ames plate test and by the host-mediated assay with the histidine auxotroph Salmonella typhimurium tester strains. Only hydrazine and methylhydrazine were mutagenic in direct tests, hydrazine being a far more potent mutagen that methylhydrazine. Neither methylhydrazine nor dimethylhydrazines gave positive results in the Ames tests. In host-mediated assays, symmetrical dimethylhydrazine was clearly mutagenic, whereas methylhydrazine showed marginal mutagenic activity, and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine was negative. Evidently the mutagenic actions of different hydrazine derivatives, though these compounds are chemically closely related, depend on different reaction mechanisms.
以色氨酸营养缺陷型大肠杆菌作为指示生物，通过直接微生物试验比较了肼及其单甲基和二甲基衍生物的诱变特性。还通过艾姆斯平板试验和用组氨酸营养缺陷型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌测试菌株进行的宿主介导试验，对甲基肼和二甲基肼进行了代谢活化测试。在直接试验中，只有肼和甲基肼具有诱变作用，肼是比甲基肼更强效的诱变剂。甲基肼和二甲基肼在艾姆斯试验中均未得到阳性结果。在宿主介导试验中，对称二甲基肼具有明显的诱变作用，而甲基肼表现出微弱的诱变活性，不对称二甲基肼则为阴性。显然，尽管这些肼衍生物在化学上密切相关，但其诱变作用取决于不同的反应机制。
