Jankovic J, Fahn S
Ann Intern Med. 1980 Sep;93(3):460-5. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-93-3-460.
Tremor, the commonest of the involuntary movement disorders, is characterized by rhythmical oscillatory movement that occurs at rest or during activity; all tremors cease during sleep. Physiologic tremor is present in normal persons and is asymptomatic. Tremor is considered pathologic when it impairs a patient's function. Clinically, the pathologic tremors may be classified as accentuated physiologic, parkinsonian, essential, and cerebellar. We review here the basic mechanisms and clinical features of various tremors and emphasize recent advances in pathophysiology and management.
震颤是最常见的非自主运动障碍，其特征是在休息或活动时出现有节奏的振荡运动；所有震颤在睡眠期间都会停止。生理性震颤在正常人中存在且无症状。当震颤损害患者功能时，则被认为是病理性的。临床上，病理性震颤可分为生理性震颤增强型、帕金森病性震颤、特发性震颤和小脑性震颤。我们在此回顾各种震颤的基本机制和临床特征，并强调病理生理学和治疗方面的最新进展。
