Naz R K, Talwar G P
Int J Androl. 1981 Feb;4(1):111-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1981.tb00697.x.
The effect of a single intratesticular injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) and various components has been investigated in dogs. FCA caused severe granulomatous reaction with wide-spread degeneration and vacuolation of the tubules. IFA and Arlacel A induced oligo - but not azoospermia, which was of short duration (6 weeks). Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) suspended in saline given with uniform distribution at doses of 10 units or higher was effective in inducing aspermatogenesis. The sperm count declined to near zero level within 3 to 6 weeks after injection of BCG, and sperm suppression was maintained for 6 to 11 months of the observation period. At moderate doses of 10 to 25 units partial to complete inhibition of spermatogenesis was seen in different tubules with leukocyte infiltration in the interstitium. The basement membrane of the tubules, the peritubular cells as well as the Leydig cells were intact. At high doses (75-110 units) and at sites where bacillary deposits were high even in moderate dose animals, there was massive leukocyte infiltration with nonspecific damage to the tubules. The animals, on low or high dose, retained libido and copulated with bitches in oestrus. The mating was, however, infertile. The treatment, especially with low and moderate doses, was largely free of significant side effects. At higher doses, scrotal pain and swelling lasting for 7-15 days was observed; a small decrease in the size of the testes was also noted.
在犬类中研究了单次睾丸内注射弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）、弗氏不完全佐剂（IFA）及各种成分的效果。FCA引起严重的肉芽肿反应，伴有广泛的生精小管变性和空泡形成。IFA和司盘A诱导少精子症而非无精子症，且持续时间较短（6周）。以10单位或更高剂量均匀分布给予盐水中悬浮的卡介苗（BCG）可有效诱导无精子症。注射BCG后3至6周内精子计数降至接近零水平，在观察期的6至11个月内精子抑制得以维持。在10至25单位的中等剂量下，不同的生精小管出现部分至完全的生精抑制，间质中有白细胞浸润。生精小管的基底膜、管周细胞以及睾丸间质细胞均保持完整。在高剂量（75 - 110单位）时，以及在中等剂量动物中细菌沉积较高的部位，出现大量白细胞浸润，生精小管有非特异性损伤。无论低剂量还是高剂量的动物均保持性欲，并与处于发情期的母犬交配。然而，交配未受孕。该治疗，尤其是低剂量和中等剂量时，基本无明显副作用。在较高剂量时，观察到阴囊疼痛和肿胀持续7 - 15天；还注意到睾丸大小略有减小。
