Miser J S, Miser A W, Bleyer W A, Chard R L
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1981 May;20(5):320-3. doi: 10.1177/000992288102000502.
One hundred one consecutive episodes of blood-culture-positive infection were evaluated in 83 children with malignancy between 1972 and 1977. Eighty-two per cent occurred in relapse, and 75% developed when the absolute neutrophil count was less than 500 per microliters. Forty per cent were fatal. Forty-five per cent of the episodes occurring in relapse and 17% occurring in remission were fatal. Of 88 cases of single-organism infection, 46% were due to gram-positive organisms with a 13% mortality (of these, 28% were due to Staphylococcus aureus with a 4% mortality); 52% were due to gram-negative organisms with a 52% mortality; and two episodes were due to fungal organisms with no fatalities. Multiple-organism infection occurred 13 times, of which 11 episodes were fatal. The authors' data confirm observations by others that the organisms most commonly causing blood-culture-positive infection in children with malignancy are S. aureus and Escherichia coli and that infection due to gram-positive organisms, particularly S. aureus, is less than frequency fatal.
1972年至1977年间，对83名患有恶性肿瘤的儿童的101次血培养阳性感染连续病例进行了评估。82%发生在复发期，75%发生在绝对中性粒细胞计数低于每微升500个时。40%是致命的。复发期发生的病例中有45%是致命的，缓解期发生的病例中有17%是致命的。在88例单一微生物感染病例中，46%是由革兰氏阳性菌引起的，死亡率为13%（其中28%是由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的，死亡率为4%）；52%是由革兰氏阴性菌引起的，死亡率为52%；两例是由真菌引起的，无死亡病例。多微生物感染发生了13次，其中11次是致命的。作者的数据证实了其他人的观察结果，即恶性肿瘤儿童中最常引起血培养阳性感染的微生物是金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌，并且革兰氏阳性菌感染，尤其是金黄色葡萄球菌感染，致死率较低。
