Roberts J A, Domingue G J, Martin L N, Kim J C
Kidney Int. 1981 Feb;19(2):297-305. doi: 10.1038/ki.1981.20.
We produced nonobstructive pyelonephritis in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) by means of a retrograde inoculation of Escherichia coli to the point of pyelotubular backflow. To evaluate the immune response separate from the effects of infection, we introduced heat-killed bacteria in the same fashion. The disease from live bacteria is self-limited and associated with both a local and generalized immune response. The most marked cellular response is in the regional lymph nodes and is more specific to the bacterial antigen than is generalized stimulation of the immune system. Dead bacteria, while eliciting the formation of serum antibody to the O antigen, appear to ablate the cellular response seen with live bacteria. Loss of renal tubules with attended scarring and loss of renal function does occur from live bacteria. This does not appear to be due to the antigen alone (unless a heat labile antigen is responsible), because heat-killed bacteria do not cause renal scarring. Thus, renal damage seems dependent on an active infection and not on the immune response.
我们通过将大肠杆菌逆行接种至肾盂肾小管反流部位，在恒河猴（猕猴）身上制造了非梗阻性肾盂肾炎。为了评估独立于感染影响的免疫反应，我们以同样的方式引入了热灭活细菌。活细菌引起的疾病是自限性的，且与局部和全身性免疫反应相关。最显著的细胞反应出现在局部淋巴结，并且比免疫系统的全身性刺激对细菌抗原有更高的特异性。死细菌虽然能引发针对O抗原的血清抗体形成，但似乎消除了活细菌所引发的细胞反应。活细菌确实会导致肾小管丧失并伴有瘢痕形成以及肾功能丧失。这似乎并非仅由抗原所致（除非是一种热不稳定抗原起作用），因为热灭活细菌不会导致肾瘢痕形成。因此，肾脏损伤似乎取决于活跃感染而非免疫反应。
