In acute wounds, there is no substitute for mechanical debridement and irrigation. Enzymes are useful in some chronic wounds, but antibacterial solutions are indicated only when gross contamination or frank purulence exists. Sutures will endure as the method of choice for precise wound closure. A moist environment and topical vitamin A appear to enhance epithelialization. Deficiencies of specific vitamins and minerals affect different aspects of repair, but excess levels do not accelerate healing. The biology of exuberant scars is a mystery, but management by pressure, steroids and surgery is often successful.
在急性伤口处理中，机械清创和冲洗无可替代。酶在某些慢性伤口处理中有用，但仅当存在严重污染或明显化脓时才使用抗菌溶液。缝合线仍将是精确伤口闭合的首选方法。湿润的环境和局部应用维生素A似乎能促进上皮形成。特定维生素和矿物质的缺乏会影响修复的不同方面，但过量摄入并不会加速愈合。增生性瘢痕的生物学机制仍是个谜，但通过压力、类固醇和手术进行处理往往是成功的。
