Hasche H, Haslbeck M, Bachmann W, Mehnert H
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1981 Oct 30;106(44):1451-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1070531.
Intracutaneous testing was done in 85 patients with allergic reactions during insulin treatment. Six patients showed immediate reactions (type I), 76 showed allergic late reactions (type IV) and three showed combined allergy (type I/IV) to intracutaneous undiluted insulin. Whereas immediate and combined allergies were exclusively pure insulin allergies, several allergens were shown to be responsible in late reactions: nine patients had pure surfen allergy, 34 patients pure insulin allergy (against all insulins) and 11 pure bovine insulin allergy. A further 22 patients reacted to various allergens, 16 of them to surfen and all insulins, and 6 to surfen and bovine insulins. Estimation of the diameter of the erythema showed a significantly better skin tolerance of neutral than of acid insulins. Intracutaneous pig insulin led to less erythema than bovine insulin. Neutral pig insulins thus have the least antigenicity.
对85例胰岛素治疗期间出现过敏反应的患者进行了皮内试验。6例患者出现即刻反应（I型），76例出现过敏迟发反应（IV型），3例对皮内注射未稀释胰岛素出现混合过敏（I/IV型）。即刻过敏和混合过敏均为单纯胰岛素过敏，而迟发反应中有几种过敏原起作用：9例患者对鱼精蛋白过敏，34例患者对所有胰岛素均为单纯胰岛素过敏，11例对牛胰岛素单纯过敏。另有22例患者对多种过敏原产生反应，其中16例对鱼精蛋白和所有胰岛素产生反应，6例对鱼精蛋白和牛胰岛素产生反应。红斑直径的测定显示，中性胰岛素的皮肤耐受性明显优于酸性胰岛素。皮内注射猪胰岛素引起的红斑少于牛胰岛素。因此，中性猪胰岛素的抗原性最低。
