Rice D L, Miller W C
Intensive Care Med. 1981;7(6):269-75. doi: 10.1007/BF01709721.
Using a double indicator (dye and heat) dilution technique of extravascular lung water measurement, we examined the effect of a reduction in cardiac output and positive pressures on the extravascular thermal volume (EVTV) in dogs. Following baseline EVTV measurements, cardiac output was lowered by inflation of balloons in the superior and inferior vena cavas, as well as by bleeding, and positive pressures were applied to the airways. There was good agreement between the baseline EVTV and post-mortem lung water; however, as the cardiac output was lowered there was a reduction in the measured EVTV. In other animals following application of positive airway pressure there was a decrease in the EVTV which appeared to be related to the reduction in cardiac output caused by positive airway pressure. At least in part, loss of thermal indicator appeared to explain the reduction in EVTV. Measurement of EVTV as an index of pulmonary edema may not be accurate in the face of a changing cardiac output.
采用血管外肺水测量的双指示剂（染料和热）稀释技术，我们研究了心输出量降低和正压对犬血管外热容量（EVTV）的影响。在进行基线EVTV测量后，通过在上、下腔静脉中充盈气囊以及放血来降低心输出量，并对气道施加正压。基线EVTV与尸检肺水之间具有良好的一致性；然而，随着心输出量降低，测量的EVTV也降低。在其他动物中，施加气道正压后，EVTV降低，这似乎与气道正压导致的心输出量减少有关。热指示剂的丢失至少在一定程度上似乎可以解释EVTV的降低。在面对变化的心输出量时，将EVTV作为肺水肿指标进行测量可能不准确。
