Cunha B A, Comer J B, Jonas M
Med Clin North Am. 1982 Jan;66(1):293-302. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31461-4.
Tetracyclines continue to be used extensively on a world-wide basis because of their unusually broad antimicrobial spectrum and their relative safety. The first generation tetracyclines are used almost exclusively via the oral route; the second generation tetracyclines may be used orally or intravenously. Intramuscular administration is not recommended. Doxycycline is preferred in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, atypical pneumonias, intraabdominal/pelvic sepsis or trauma, venereal diseases, and in the treatment of prostatitis. Minocycline is preferred for meningococcal prophylaxis, central nervous system infections (due to susceptible organisms), and in staphylococcal infections (when tetracycline is indicated).
由于四环素具有异常广泛的抗菌谱和相对安全性,它们在全球范围内仍被广泛使用。第一代四环素几乎仅通过口服途径使用;第二代四环素可口服或静脉使用。不建议肌肉注射。多西环素在治疗上呼吸道感染、非典型肺炎、腹腔/盆腔败血症或创伤、性病以及前列腺炎方面更受青睐。米诺环素在预防脑膜炎球菌感染、中枢神经系统感染(由易感病原体引起)以及葡萄球菌感染(当需要使用四环素时)方面更受青睐。