Mammen E F
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1982 Mar 15;142(6 Pt 2):781-90. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(16)32489-9.
Based on epidemiologic data, women who take oral contraceptives seem to have an increased risk of developing thromboembolic disease. In order to explain this association, some studies have been undertaken to find abnormalities in the hemostasis system. Many conflicting test results have been reported, probably reflecting in part the technical difficulties in use of reliable, reproducible, and specific assay systems. None of the data obtained seems to be specific for users of oral contraceptive drugs, and none was found uniformly in all takers of the drugs. Many findings are probably unimportant from the overall point of view of the physiology of hemostasis. Unfortunately, there seems to be no test procedure or even combination of tests that will reliably predict which patient might develop a thromboembolic episode in association with oral contraceptives or in association with any other condition recognized as being a risk factor. Even in most patients who do have a thrombosis, the test procedures fail to signal this event with reliability and predictability. At this time, it is not known whether oral contraceptives do or do not trigger the hemostasis system to develop a thrombosis or by which mechanism they could trigger the event. Fortunately, only a very small number of women develop thrombosis in association with oral contraceptives.
基于流行病学数据，服用口服避孕药的女性似乎患血栓栓塞性疾病的风险增加。为了解释这种关联，已开展了一些研究以寻找止血系统的异常情况。已报告了许多相互矛盾的测试结果，这可能部分反映了使用可靠、可重复和特异的检测系统存在的技术困难。所获得的数据似乎都不是口服避孕药使用者所特有的，也没有在所有服药者中都一致发现。从止血生理学的总体角度来看，许多发现可能并不重要。不幸的是，似乎没有任何测试程序甚至测试组合能够可靠地预测哪些患者可能会因口服避孕药或与任何其他被认为是危险因素的情况而发生血栓栓塞事件。即使在大多数确实发生血栓形成的患者中，测试程序也无法可靠且可预测地提示这一事件。目前尚不清楚口服避孕药是否会触发止血系统形成血栓，或者它们通过何种机制引发该事件。幸运的是，只有极少数女性会因口服避孕药而发生血栓形成。
