Justins D M, Francis D, Houlton P G, Reynolds F
Br J Anaesth. 1982 Apr;54(4):409-14. doi: 10.1093/bja/54.4.409.
In a double-blind trial carried out on patients in the first stage of labour, either fentanyl 80 micrograms (n = 35) or physiological saline (n = 33) was added to the test dose of bupivacaine and administered extradurally. Thereafter analgesia was maintained as necessary with 0.5% bupivacaine alone. Supplementary bupivacaine (a further dose within 1 h) was required to produce satisfactory analgesia in eight patients in the fentanyl group and in 26 patients in the control group. Analgesia was more rapid in onset and more complete in the fentanyl group, and the duration from first dose to first top-up was 2.36 h, compared with 1.66 h (supplements notwithstanding) in the control group. No serious side-effects were encountered in either group, although eight patients in the fentanyl group experienced mild itching, compared with one in the control group.
在一项针对处于第一产程的患者进行的双盲试验中，将80微克芬太尼（n = 35）或生理盐水（n = 33）添加到布比卡因试验剂量中，并进行硬膜外给药。此后，必要时仅用0.5%布比卡因维持镇痛。芬太尼组有8例患者和对照组有26例患者需要补充布比卡因（1小时内追加一剂）以产生满意的镇痛效果。芬太尼组镇痛起效更快且更完全，从首次给药到首次追加药物的持续时间为2.36小时，而对照组为1.66小时（不计补充药物）。两组均未出现严重副作用，尽管芬太尼组有8例患者出现轻度瘙痒，而对照组有1例。
