Penn C W, Rhodes J G
Immunology. 1982 May;46(1):9-16.
Soluble antigens of Treponema pallidum were examined by two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis against antisera from infected or artificially immunized rabbits. Concentrated suspensions of intact cells did not release antigens after storage at 4 degrees, incubation at 37 degrees, or vortex mixing. Antigens were released after disintegration of treponemes by ultrasonic vibration, or by treatment with non-ionic or anionic detergents. An antigenic component of sonicated treponemes, present in both the non-pathogenic, cultivable Reiter treponeme and T. Pallidum, was identified as axial filament. The combination of antibody with unfixed whole organisms was monitored by an indirect fluorescent antibody method, and whereas antibody did not combine with intact organisms, detergent-treated organisms were highly reactive. Immune electron microscopy showed that whereas in intact treponemes, axial filaments were unable to combine with antibody, detergent treatment allowed access to axial filaments by antibody. In intact treponemes the axial filaments are thought to be located beneath the outer membrane, which may thus comprise the postulated antigenically inert outer layer.
用二维免疫电泳法，针对来自感染或人工免疫兔子的抗血清，检测梅毒螺旋体的可溶性抗原。完整细胞的浓缩悬浮液在4℃储存、37℃孵育或涡旋混合后均未释放抗原。通过超声振动使螺旋体解体，或用非离子或阴离子去污剂处理后，抗原得以释放。超声处理的螺旋体中的一种抗原成分，存在于非致病性、可培养的赖氏螺旋体和梅毒螺旋体中，被鉴定为轴丝。用间接荧光抗体法监测抗体与未固定的完整生物体的结合情况，结果显示抗体不与完整生物体结合，而经去污剂处理的生物体具有高反应性。免疫电子显微镜显示，在完整的螺旋体中，轴丝不能与抗体结合，而去污剂处理则使抗体能够接触到轴丝。在完整的螺旋体中，轴丝被认为位于外膜之下，因此外膜可能构成了假定的抗原惰性外层。
