Griffiths R R, Henningfield J E
Fed Proc. 1982 Feb;41(2):234-40.
A laboratory preparation has been developed that permits relatively unobtrusive measurement of naturalistic cigarette smoking behavior in humans. A series of studies is described in which volunteer subjects participated in daily sessions lasting up to 3 h. The first study showed that the intervals between consecutive cigarettes were relatively stable, both within and across sessions. An analysis of puffing for a single cigarette revealed that as the cigarette was smoked, interpuff intervals tended to become longer while puff durations became progressively shorter. The second study showed that cigarette deprivation increased the tendency for subsequent smoking as reflected in latency to smoke and number of cigarettes and puffs. In the third study no change in smoking behavior was detected when subjects were informed that they would subsequently be exposed to a period of cigarette deprivation. The final study demonstrated the responsiveness of cigarette smoking to a form of dose manipulation: decreasing the concentration of tobacco smoke delivered by using ventilated cigarette holders produced increases in the rate of puffing and total numbers of puffs. These studies demonstrate the sensitivity of this preparations and suggest that is may be valuable for exploring a range of pharmacological and behavioral variables that control human cigarette smoking.
已经开发出一种实验室装置，可相对不干扰地测量人类自然吸烟行为。本文描述了一系列研究，其中志愿者受试者参加了长达3小时的每日实验环节。第一项研究表明，连续吸烟之间的间隔在各实验环节内和各环节之间相对稳定。对单支香烟抽吸情况的分析显示，随着香烟被吸食，抽吸间隔往往会变长，而抽吸持续时间则会逐渐变短。第二项研究表明，香烟剥夺增加了随后吸烟的倾向，这体现在吸烟潜伏期以及香烟和抽吸次数上。在第三项研究中，当受试者被告知随后将经历一段时间的香烟剥夺时，未检测到吸烟行为有变化。最后一项研究证明了吸烟对一种剂量操控形式的反应：使用通风烟嘴降低所输送的烟草烟雾浓度会导致抽吸速率和总抽吸次数增加。这些研究证明了该装置的敏感性，并表明其对于探索一系列控制人类吸烟的药理学和行为学变量可能具有价值。
