Winterhager E, Stieve H
Cell Tissue Res. 1982;223(2):267-80. doi: 10.1007/BF01258488.
Alterations of the retinula cells in the retina of the light-adapted crayfish in response to hyper- and hypoosmotic van Harreveld solutions was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Increased osmolarity of the bathing medium to twice that of the physiological value leads to shrinkage of the retinula-cell somata. Microvilli, on the other hand, do not undergo shrinkage. Some other characteristic irreversible changes do, however, take place, including detachment of microvilli from the soma, showing a two- or three-fold increase in diameter, and a concomitant decrease in number, probably due to fusion of microvilli. Prolonged incubation or higher osmolarities (5 isosmol) cause alteration of the microvilli membranes to whorls. Structural changes are often restricted to microvilli stacks evaginating from certain individual retinular cells. The number of affected stacks increases depending on the duration of incubation or the osmotic pressure. Hypoosmotic solution (0.5 isosmol) also induces an increase of microvillar diameters and a concomitant reduction in number of microvilli per stack. Exposure to a 20% solution of glycerol causes destruction of the rhabdom structure and the formation of whorls from microvillar membranes. The present findings suggest that the structure of the microvilli is stabilized by an axial cytoskeleton.
通过透射电子显微镜检查了光适应小龙虾视网膜中视小网膜细胞对高渗和低渗范哈维尔德溶液的反应。将浸泡介质的渗透压增加到生理值的两倍会导致视小网膜细胞体收缩。另一方面，微绒毛不会收缩。然而，确实会发生一些其他特征性的不可逆变化，包括微绒毛从细胞体上脱离，直径增加两到三倍，数量随之减少，这可能是由于微绒毛融合所致。长时间孵育或更高的渗透压（5等渗）会导致微绒毛膜变成螺旋状。结构变化通常仅限于从某些单个视小网膜细胞伸出的微绒毛束。受影响的微绒毛束数量会根据孵育时间或渗透压而增加。低渗溶液（0.5等渗）也会导致微绒毛直径增加，同时每束微绒毛数量减少。暴露于20%的甘油溶液会导致视杆结构破坏，并使微绒毛膜形成螺旋状。目前的研究结果表明，微绒毛的结构由轴向细胞骨架稳定。
