Beninger R J
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982 Apr;16(4):667-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90434-8.
Some controversy surrounds the interpretation of the effects of dopamine receptor blocking drugs on conditioned operant responding. To assess the motoric versus the reinforcement-reducing consequences of these compounds, the effects of pimozide (1.0 mg/kg) and nonreinforcement on discriminated operant responding were compared. Rats were trained extensively on a successive discrimination implemented with the use of a multiple schedule. Rats subsequently injected with pimozide showed a significantly greater decrease in responding in the nonreinforced component than control rats showing that pimozide produces a decrease in general level of behavioral arousal. Additionally, pimozide injection resulted in an extinction-like decrease in reinforced responding over three test sessions indicating a reduction in the effects of reinforcement. However, animals treated with pimozide continued to discriminate. Transfer between pimozide and nonreinforcement was not observed probably because of the differential effects of the two procedures on behavioral arousal. Dopaminergic neurons may influence both general behavioral arousal and the effects of reinforcement but not stimulus-stimulus associative learnings.
多巴胺受体阻断药物对条件性操作性反应的影响在解释上存在一些争议。为了评估这些化合物的运动性影响与强化减少的后果，比较了匹莫齐特（1.0毫克/千克）和无强化对辨别性操作性反应的影响。大鼠在使用多重时间表实施的连续辨别任务上进行了广泛训练。随后注射匹莫齐特的大鼠在无强化成分中的反应下降幅度明显大于对照大鼠，这表明匹莫齐特会导致行为觉醒的总体水平下降。此外，在三个测试阶段中，注射匹莫齐特导致强化反应出现类似消退的下降，表明强化作用减弱。然而，用匹莫齐特治疗的动物仍能进行辨别。未观察到匹莫齐特和无强化之间的转换，这可能是因为这两种程序对行为觉醒的影响不同。多巴胺能神经元可能会影响一般行为觉醒和强化作用，但不会影响刺激-刺激联想学习。
